Designing and Conducting Business Surveys (Wiley Series in Survey Methodology)

Description: Designing and Conducting Business Surveys provides a coherent overview of the business survey process, from start to finish. It uniquely integrates an understanding of how businesses operate, a total survey error approach to data quality that focuses specifically on business surveys, and sound project management principles. The book brings together what is currently known about planning, designing, and conducting business surveys, with producing and disseminating statistics or other research results from the collected data. This knowledge draws upon a variety of disciplines such as survey methodology, organizational sciences, sociology, psychology, and statistical methods. The contents of the book formulate a comprehensive guide to scholarly material previously dispersed among books, journal articles, and conference papers. This book provides guidelines that will help the reader make educated trade-off decisions that minimize survey errors, costs, and response burden, while being attentive to survey data quality. Major topics include: * Determining the survey content, considering user needs, the business context, and total survey quality * Planning the survey as a project * Sampling frames, procedures, and methods * Questionnaire design and testing for self-administered paper, web, and mixed-mode surveys * Survey communication design to obtain responses and facilitate the business response process * Conducting and managing the survey using paradata and project management tools * Data processing, including capture, editing, and imputation, and dissemination of statistical outputs Designing and Conducting Business Surveys is an indispensable resource for anyone involved in designing and/or conducting business or organizational surveys at statistical institutes, central banks, survey organizations, etc.; producing statistics or other research results from business surveys at universities, research organizations, etc.; or using data produced from business surveys. The book also lays a foundation for new areas of research in business surveys. GER SNIJKERS, PhD, is Senior Researcher and Advisor in Business Survey Data Collection Methodology at Statistics Netherlands, after having held various research and project management positions. From 2006-2011, he held the position of Professor of Business Survey Methodology at Utrecht University. GUSTAV HARALDSEN, Mag. Art., is Senior Methodological Advisor in the Department of Data Collection and Methods at Statistics Norway. He previously headed the Division for Interviewing Surveys and the Division of Data Collection Methods. JACQUI JONES, BA (Hons), MSc, is Deputy Director of the Business Indicators and Balance of Payments Division in the UK Office of National Statistics (ONS). Prior to this, she worked in the Methodology Directorate at ONS. DIANE K. WILLIMACK, MS, MA, is Chief of the Response Improvement Research Staff at the Economic Programs Directorate of the U.S. Census Bureau. She previously served as a mathematical statistician and survey methodologist at the National Agricultural Statistics Service (U.S. Department of Agriculture). Additional contributors include Paul Smith (ONS), Deirdre Giesen (Statistics Netherlands), Li Chun Zhang (Statistics Norway), and Mike Hidiroglou (Statistics Canada). Preface xix Contributors xxiii Abbreviations xxv 1. Surveys and Business Surveys 1 Jacqui Jones, Ger Snijkers, and Gustav Haraldsen 1.1. The Objective of this Book, 1 1.2. The Statistical Production Process, 2 1.3. Surveys, 4 1.4. Types of Business Data Outputs, 10 1.5. Use of Business Data Outputs, 16 1.6. Obtaining Business Data, 19 1.7. Business Surveys, 22 1.8. Overview of the Book, 28 Acknowledgments, 33 Appendix, 33 2. The Business Context and its Implications for the Survey Response Process 39 Diane K. Willimack and Ger Snijkers 2.1. The Business Context from the Perspective of the Organizational Sciences, 40 2.2. A Comprehensive Approach Integrating the Business Context and the Survey Response Process, 51 2.3. Summary, 79 Acknowledgments, 82 3. Quality Issues in Business Surveys 83 Gustav Haraldsen 3.1. Survey Quality from a User/producer Perspective, 84 3.2. Sample-Related Quality Issues, 96 3.3. Measurement-Related Quality Issues, 106 3.4. Sample and Measurement Issues Combined, 120 Acknowledgment, 125 4. Planning the Survey 127 Ger Snijkers, Gustav Haraldsen, and Jacqui Jones 4.1. Introduction, 127 4.2. Business Surveys and Project Management Principles, 128 4.3. Specifying and Planning the Survey, 131 4.4. Required Resources, 153 4.5. The Timetable, 153 4.6. Planning Managing, Controlling, Monitoring, and Evaluation of the Survey Project, 154 4.7. Risk Management, 156 4.8. Finalizing the Project Plan and Getting Started, 162 4.9. Summary and Progress Status Overview, 162 Acknowledgment, 163 5. Sampling and Estimation for Business Surveys 165 Paul Smith 5.1. Basic Principles, 165 5.2. Registers and Frames, 167 5.3. Sample Design, 177 5.4. Estimation, 202 5.5. Outliers, 210 5.6. Variance Estimation, 214 5.7. Small Area Estimation, 216 5.8. Summary, 217 Acknowledgments, 218 6. Understanding and Coping with Response Burden 219 Gustav Haraldsen, Jacqui Jones, Deirdre Giesen, and Li-Chun Zhang 6.1. A Cost versus a Cost Benefit Approach, 220 6.2. Measuring and Monitoring Business Response Burden, 226 6.3. An Analytical Approach to Response Burden, 235 6.4. Measures to Reduce Response Burden, 241 Acknowledgments, 252 7. Methods for the Development, Testing, and Evaluation of Data Collection Instruments 253 Diane K. Willimack 7.1. A Framework for Questionnaire Development, Testing, and Evaluation, 254 7.2. Developing Content, Measurements, and Survey Questions, 260 7.3. Testing Questions and Questionnaires, 267 7.4. Evaluating Survey Questions and Questionnaires, 276 7.5. Development, Testing, and Evaluation of Electronic Data Collection Instruments, 282 7.6. Analyzing Qualitative Data, 287 7.7. Multimethod Approaches to Development, Testing, and Evaluation, 290 7.8. Organization and Logistics, 293 7.9. Summary, 295 Acknowledgments, 298 Appendix 7.A.1 Example of Conclusions from Qualitative Data Analysis: Public Trust in Statistics: A Conceptual Model of Trust Determinants, 298 Appendix 7.A.2 Case Study: Logistics of Questionnaire Pretesting for Economic Survey Programs at the US Census Bureau, 299 8. Questionnaire Communication in Business Surveys 303 Gustav Haraldsen 8.1. Communication Modes, 303 8.2. Elements in Concert, 306 8.3. Tailoring for Businesses, 311 8.4. Phrasing Questions in Business Surveys, 332 8.5. Minimizing Response Burden, 346 8.6. Concluding Reflections, 357 Acknowledgments, 357 9. Business Survey Communication 359 Ger Snijkers and Jacqui Jones 9.1. Introduction, 359 9.2. The Role, Objectives, and Process of Business Survey Communication, 360 9.3. Tailoring to the Business Context, 373 9.4. The Survey Organization Context, 377 9.5. Designing an Effective Business Survey Communication Strategy, 389 9.6. Business Survey Communication Measures, Practices, and Guidelines, 407 9.7. Summary and Example of a Communication Strategy, 426 Acknowledgment, 430 10. Managing the Data Collection 431 Ger Snijkers and Gustav Haraldsen 10.1. Introduction, 431 10.2. Implementing the Survey, 432 10.3. Active Fieldwork Management, 434 10.4. Paradata, 436 10.5. Monitoring the Quality of the Response, 440 10.6. Monitoring the Survey Production Process, 451 10.7. Survey Evaluation and Quality Report, 454 10.8. Summary, 456 Acknowledgment, 457 11. Capturing, Coding, and Cleaning Survey Data 459 Jacqui Jones and Mike Hidiroglou 11.1. Introduction, 459 11.2. Data Capture, 461 11.3. Data Coding, 475 11.4. Editing and Imputation, 483 11.5. Concluding Comments, 503 Acknowledgments, 504 12. From Survey Data to Statistics 505 Jacqui Jones 12.1. Introduction, 505 12.2. Analysis, 505 12.3. Preparing for Dissemination, 527 12.4. Dissemination, 539 12.5. Archiving, 540 12.6. Concluding Comments, 542 Acknowledgments, 543 References 545 Index 597

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