Authentic Roman coin COMMODUS Limes Denarius Felicitas GLADIATOR emperor

Description: This was purchased from a famous coin dealer by the name of Andrew Caldarone. It is guaranteed authentic. It measures approximately 18mm in diameter and weighs approximately 2.36 grams. The design can be referenced in "RIC III Commodus 74" (Roman Imperial Coinage book) or RSC 445. I have placed it in a non-PVC coin protector (won't react with the metal) and have included a small info sheet. Emperor Commodus (161–192 CE), son of Marcus Aurelius, ruled Rome from 180 to 192 CE and is infamous for his erratic, self-indulgent leadership. Unlike his philosophically-minded father, Commodus showed little interest in governance, instead prioritizing gladiatorial spectacles and declaring himself a reincarnation of Hercules. His reign marked a retreat from Rome’s expansionist policies, with Commodus preferring peace with Germania, but he soon became tyrannical and paranoid, leading to political purges and financial drain on the empire. He was eventually assassinated by a conspiracy of close associates, and his death plunged Rome into turmoil, foreshadowing the empire's decline. Limes denarii were unofficial Roman coins that mimicked silver denarii but were made of cheaper metals like copper or bronze. Primarily circulated in frontier regions, these coins likely supplemented official currency in areas where silver was scarce, particularly in military zones. They closely imitated official designs and inscriptions but often showed lower quality and less detail. Produced outside of official mints, possibly by local authorities or military commanders, limes denarii served as practical “emergency currency” to facilitate trade and payments in remote provinces. Their unique role highlights the adaptive economic measures in the Roman Empire’s borderlands. Detailed description of the depictions and legends: Obverse:Portrait: The obverse displays a laureate bust of Emperor Commodus facing right. The laurel wreath on his head symbolizes victory and divine favor, a traditional emblem of authority for Roman emperors. Commodus is depicted in a classical style with realistic features, reflecting the artistic norms of his era.Inscription: The inscription reads "M COMMODVS ANTON AVG PIVS," which stands for Marcus Commodus Antoninus Augustus Pius. This title emphasizes his full name and imperial status, while the honorific Pius suggests he was regarded as dutiful and virtuous, aligning with the values of Roman leadership. Reverse:Imagery: The reverse features Felicitas, the personification of happiness, good fortune, and prosperity, standing to the left. She is draped in a flowing garment, signifying her status and grace.Attributes: Felicitas holds a caduceus in her right hand, symbolizing commerce, negotiation, and peaceful interactions—suggesting Commodus's role as a benefactor of Roman peace and prosperity.Cornucopia: In her left hand, she carries a cornucopia (horn of plenty), representing abundance, fertility, and the prosperity of the empire under Commodus’s rule.Modius: At her feet is a modius, a grain-measuring vessel, underscoring agricultural prosperity and the empire’s provision of food resources for its people.Inscription: The legend "PM TR P VIIII IMP VI COS IIII PP" translates to Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate VIIII, Imperator VI, Consul IIII, Pater Patriae. This title outlines Commodus's various roles:Pontifex Maximus (PM): High priest of the state religion.Tribunicia Potestate VIIII (TR P VIIII): Holder of tribunician power for the ninth time, indicating his authority and protection over the people.Imperator VI (IMP VI): Acclaimed as imperator (commander) for the sixth time, reflecting military victories.Consul IIII (COS IIII): Serving as consul for the fourth time, a chief magistrate role.Pater Patriae (PP): “Father of the Country,” a title that shows his paternalistic role over the Roman people.

Price: 29.99 USD

Location: Columbia, Missouri

End Time: 2024-11-18T05:30:01.000Z

Shipping Cost: N/A USD